oversigt over seneste føderale Indkomstskattedata

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Internal Revenue Service har for nylig frigivet nye data om individuelle indkomstskatter for kalenderåret 2012, der viser antallet af skatteydere, justeret bruttoindkomst og indkomstskatteandele efter indkomstprocentiler.

dataene viser, at den amerikanske individuelle indkomstskat fortsat er meget progressiv, hovedsageligt båret af de højeste indkomster.

  • i 2012 rapporterede 136,1 millioner skatteydere at tjene $9.04 billioner i justeret bruttoindkomst og betalte $1,1 billioner i indkomstskat.
  • alle indkomstgrupper øgede deres indkomst og skatter betalt i løbet af det foregående år.
  • de øverste 1 procent af skatteyderne tjente deres største andel af indkomsten siden 2007 på 21,9 procent af den samlede AGI og betalte deres største andel af indkomstskattebyrden siden samme år til 38,1 procent af de samlede indkomstskatter.
  • i 2012 betalte de øverste 50 procent af alle skatteydere (68 millioner filere) 97,2 procent af alle indkomstskatter, mens de nederste 50 procent betalte de resterende 2,8 procent.
  • de øverste 1 procent (1,3 millioner filere) betalte en større andel af indkomstskatter (38,1 procent) end de nederste 90 procent (122,4 millioner filere) tilsammen (29,8 procent).
  • de øverste 1 procent af skatteyderne betalte en højere effektiv indkomstskattesats end nogen anden gruppe på 22.8 procent, hvilket er næsten 7 gange højere end skatteyderne i de nederste 50 procent (3.28 procent).

skatteydere rapporterede $9,04 billioner i justeret bruttoindkomst og betalte $1,19 billioner i indkomstskat i 2012

skatteydere rapporterede $9,04 billioner i justeret bruttoindkomst (AGI) på 136.1 million selvangivelser i 2012. Dette repræsenterer $ 725 milliarder i yderligere indtægter i løbet af 2011 på 500.000 færre selvangivelser. Mens størstedelen af indkomstgevinsten gik til de øverste 5 procent af skatteyderne (dem, der tjente $175.817 eller mere), oplevede hver indkomstgruppe en stigning i indkomsten i 2012. På grund af stigningen i indkomsterne steg de betalte skatter med 142 milliarder dollars til 1.185 billioner dollars i 2012. Betalte skatter steg for alle indkomstgrupper.

andelen af indkomst optjent af de øverste 1 procent steg til 21,9 procent af den samlede AGI, det højeste niveau siden topåret 2007 (22.9 procent af den samlede AGI). Andelen af indkomstskattebyrden for de øverste 1 procent steg til 38, 1 procent fra 35, 1 procent i 2011, også det højeste niveau siden toppen i 2007 (39, 8 procent).

tabel 1. Oversigt over føderale Indkomstskattedata, 2012
antal afkast * AGI ($ millions) betalte indkomstskatter ($ millions) koncernens andel af den samlede AGI (IRS) koncernens andel af indkomstskatter indkomstopdeling gennemsnitlig skattesats
*omfatter ikke afhængige filers.
Alle Skatteydere 136,080,353 9,041,744 1,184,978 100.0% 100.0%
Top 1% 1,360,804 1,976,738 451,328 21.9% 38.1% > $434,682 22.8%
1-5% 5,443,214 1,354,206 247,215 15.0% 20.9% 18.3%
Top 5% 6,804,018 3,330,944 698,543 36.8% 58.9% > $175,817 21.0%
5-10% 6,804,017 996,955 132,902 11.0% 11.2% 13.3%
Top 10% 13,608,035 4,327,899 831,445 47.9% 70.2% > $125,195 19.2%
10-25% 20,412,053 1,933,778 192,601 21.4% 16.3% 10.0%
Top 25% 34,020,088 6,261,677 1,024,046 69.3% 86.4% > $73,354 16.4%
25-50% 34,020,089 1,776,123 128,017 19.6% 10.8% 7.2%
Top 50% 68,040,177 8,037,800 1,152,063 88.9% 97.2% > $36,055 14.3%
bunden 50% 68,040,177 1,003,944 32,915 11.1% 2.8% < $36,055 3.3%

Top 50 procent af alle skatteydere betalte 97,2 procent af alle føderale indkomstskatter; Top 1 procent betalte 38,1 procent; og bund 90 procent betalte 29,7 procent af alle føderale indkomstskatter

Figur 1 viser fordelingen af AGI og indkomstskatter betalt af indkomst percentiler i 2012. I 2012 tjente de nederste 50 procent af skatteyderne (dem med AGIs under $36.055) 11.1 procent af den samlede AGI. Denne gruppe af skatteydere betalte cirka 33 milliarder dollars i skat, eller 2, 8 procent af alle indkomstskatter i 2012.

i modsætning hertil tjente de øverste 1 procent af alle skatteydere (skatteydere med AGIs på $434.682 og derover) 21,9 procent af al AGI i 2012, men betalte 38,1 procent af alle føderale indkomstskatter.

tilsammen tegnede de øverste 1 procent af skatteyderne (dem med AGIs over $434,682) sig for flere betalte indkomstskatter end de nederste 90 procent (dem med AGIs under $125,195) tilsammen. I 2012 betalte de øverste 1 procent af skatteyderne 451 milliarder dollars i indkomstskat eller 38,1 procent af alle indkomstskatter, mens de nederste 90 procent betalte 353 milliarder dollars i indkomstskat eller 29,8 procent af alle betalte indkomstskatter.

den øverste 1 procents effektive skattesats er næsten syv gange højere end de nederste 50 procents

2012 IRS-data viser, at skatteydere med højere indkomster betaler meget højere effektive indkomstskattesatser end skatteydere med lavere indkomst.

de nederste 50 procent af skatteyderne (skatteydere med AGIs under $36,055) stod over for en gennemsnitlig effektiv indkomstskattesats på 3.3 procent. Som skatteyder AGI stiger, viser IRS-dataene, at de gennemsnitlige indkomstskattesatser stiger. For eksempel betaler skatteydere med AGIs mellem 10.og 5. percentil ($125.195 og $175.817) en gennemsnitlig effektiv sats på 13,3 procent—fire gange den sats, der betales af dem i de nederste 50 procent.

de øverste 1 procent af skatteyderne (AGI på $434,682 og højere) betalte den højeste effektive indkomstskattesats på 22.8 procent, 6.9 gange satsen står over for de nederste 50 procent af skatteyderne. Den øverste 1 procents gennemsnitlige effektive skattesats for 2012 på 22,8 procent var lidt lavere end i 2011 (23,5 procent).

skatteydere øverst i indkomstfordelingen betalte de øverste 0,1 procent, som inkluderer skatteydere med indkomster over $2,2 millioner, faktisk en lidt lavere indkomstskattesats end de øverste 1 procent (21,7 procent mod 22,8 procent). Dette skyldes det faktum, at skatteydere med meget høj indkomst er mere tilbøjelige til at rapportere en større andel af deres indkomst som skattepligtig kapitalgevinstindkomst. Dette fører til en lidt lavere effektiv skattesats, fordi kapitalgevinster og udbytteindtægter står over for en lavere topindkomstskat (23,8 procent) end løn-og forretningsindkomst (39,6 procent). Det er dog vigtigt at bemærke, at kapitalgevinstskatter på individuelt niveau er det andet lag af skat efter selskabsskatten (hvilket er 35 procent).

Tillæg

Tabel 2. Antal føderale individuelle selvangivelser indgivet 1980-2012 (i tusinder)
år i alt Top 0.1% Top 1% Top 5% Mellem 5% & 10% Top 10% Mellem 10% & 25% Top 25% Mellem 25% & 50% Top 50% Bund 50%
Kilde: Internal Revenue Service.
1980 93,239 932 4,662 4,662 9,324 13,986 23,310 23,310 46,619 46,619
1981 94,587 946 4,729 4,729 9,459 14,188 23,647 23,647 47,293 47,293
1982 94,426 944 4,721 4,721 9,443 14,164 23,607 23,607 47,213 47,213
1983 95,331 953 4,767 4,767 9,533 14,300 23,833 23,833 47,665 47,665
1984 98,436 984 4,922 4,922 9,844 14,765 24,609 24,609 49,218 49,219
1985 100,625 1,006 5,031 5,031 10,063 15,094 25,156 25,156 50,313 50,313
1986 102,088 1,021 5,104 5,104 10,209 15,313 25,522 25,522 51,044 51,044
Skattereformloven af 1986 ændrede definitionen af AGI, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
1987 106,155 1,062 5,308 5,308 10,615 15,923 26,539 26,539 53,077 53,077
1988 108,873 1,089 5,444 5,444 10,887 16,331 27,218 27,218 54,436 54,436
1989 111,313 1,113 5,566 5,566 11,131 16,697 27,828 27,828 55,656 55,656
1990 112,812 1,128 5,641 5,641 11,281 16,922 28,203 28,203 56,406 56,406
1991 113,804 1,138 5,690 5,690 11,380 17,071 28,451 28,451 56,902 56,902
1992 112,653 1,127 5,633 5,633 11,265 16,898 28,163 28,163 56,326 56,326
1993 113,681 1,137 5,684 5,684 11,368 17,052 28,420 28,420 56,841 56,841
1994 114,990 1,150 5,749 5,749 11,499 17,248 28,747 28,747 57,495 57,495
1995 117,274 1,173 5,864 5,864 11,727 17,591 29,319 29,319 58,637 58,637
1996 119,442 1,194 5,972 5,972 11,944 17,916 29,860 29,860 59,721 59,721
1997 121,503 1,215 6,075 6,075 12,150 18,225 30,376 30,376 60,752 60,752
1998 123,776 1,238 6,189 6,189 12,378 18,566 30,944 30,944 61,888 61,888
1999 126,009 1,260 6,300 6,300 12,601 18,901 31,502 31,502 63,004 63,004
2000 128,227 1,282 6,411 6,411 12,823 19,234 32,057 32,057 64,114 64,114
IRS ændret metode, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
2001 119,371 119 1,194 5,969 5,969 11,937 17,906 29,843 29,843 59,685 59,685
2002 119,851 120 1,199 5,993 5,993 11,985 17,978 29,963 29,963 59,925 59,925
2003 120,759 121 1,208 6,038 6,038 12,076 18,114 30,190 30,190 60,379 60,379
2004 122,510 123 1,225 6,125 6,125 12,251 18,376 30,627 30,627 61,255 61,255
2005 124,673 125 1,247 6,234 6,234 12,467 18,701 31,168 31,168 62,337 62,337
2006 128,441 128 1,284 6,422 6,422 12,844 19,266 32,110 32,110 64,221 64,221
2007 132,655 133 1,327 6,633 6,633 13,265 19,898 33,164 33,164 66,327 66,327
2008 132,892 133 1,329 6,645 6,645 13,289 19,934 33,223 33,223 66,446 66,446
2009 132,620 133 1,326 6,631 6,631 13,262 19,893 33,155 33,155 66,310 66,310
2010 135,033 135 1,350 6,752 6,752 13,503 20,255 33,758 33,758 67,517 67,517
2011 136,586 137 1,366 6,829 6,829 13,659 20,488 34,146 34,146 68,293 68,293
2012 136,080 136 1,361 6,804 6,804 13,608 20,412 34,020 34,020 68,040 68,040

tabel 3. Justeret bruttoindkomst for skatteydere i forskellige indkomstgrupper, 1980-2012 ($milliarder)
år i alt Top 0.1% Top 1% Top 5% Mellem 5% & 10% Top 10% Mellem 10% & 25% Top 25% Mellem 25% & 50% Top 50% Bund 50%
Kilde: Internal Revenue Service.
1980 $1,627 $138 $342 $181 $523 $400 $922 $417 $1,339 $288
1981 $1,791 $149 $372 $201 $573 $442 $1,015 $458 $1,473 $318
1982 $1,876 $167 $398 $207 $605 $460 $1,065 $478 $1,544 $332
1983 $1,970 $183 $428 $217 $646 $481 $1,127 $498 $1,625 $344
1984 $2,173 $210 $482 $240 $723 $528 $1,251 $543 $1,794 $379
1985 $2,344 $235 $531 $260 $791 $567 $1,359 $580 $1,939 $405
1986 $2,524 $285 $608 $278 $887 $604 $1,490 $613 $2,104 $421
Skattereformloven af 1986 ændrede definitionen af AGI, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
1987 $2,814 $347 $722 $316 $1,038 $671 $1,709 $664 $2,374 $440
1988 $3,124 $474 $891 $342 $1,233 $718 $1,951 $707 $2,658 $466
1989 $3,299 $468 $918 $368 $1,287 $768 $2,054 $751 $2,805 $494
1990 $3,451 $483 $953 $385 $1,338 $806 $2,144 $788 $2,933 $519
1991 $3,516 $457 $943 $400 $1,343 $832 $2,175 $809 $2,984 $532
1992 $3,681 $524 $1,031 $413 $1,444 $856 $2,299 $832 $3,131 $549
1993 $3,776 $521 $1,048 $426 $1,474 $883 $2,358 $854 $3,212 $563
1994 $3,961 $547 $1,103 $449 $1,552 $929 $2,481 $890 $3,371 $590
1995 $4,245 $620 $1,223 $482 $1,705 $985 $2,690 $938 $3,628 $617
1996 $4,591 $737 $1,394 $515 $1,909 $1,043 $2,953 $992 $3,944 $646
1997 $5,023 $873 $1,597 $554 $2,151 $1,116 $3,268 $1,060 $4,328 $695
1998 $5,469 $1,010 $1,797 $597 $2,394 $1,196 $3,590 $1,132 $4,721 $748
1999 $5,909 $1,153 $2,012 $641 $2,653 $1,274 $3,927 $1,199 $5,126 $783
2000 $6,424 $1,337 $2,267 $688 $2,955 $1,358 $4,314 $1,276 $5,590 $834
IRS ændret metode, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
2001 $6,116 $492 $1,065 $1,934 $666 $2,600 $1,334 $3,933 $1,302 $5,235 $881
2002 $5,982 $421 $960 $1,812 $660 $2,472 $1,339 $3,812 $1,303 $5,115 $867
2003 $6,157 $466 $1,030 $1,908 $679 $2,587 $1,375 $3,962 $1,325 $5,287 $870
2004 $6,735 $615 $1,279 $2,243 $725 $2,968 $1,455 $4,423 $1,403 $5,826 $908
2005 $7,366 $784 $1,561 $2,623 $778 $3,401 $1,540 $4,940 $1,473 $6,413 $953
2006 $7,970 $895 $1,761 $2,918 $841 $3,760 $1,652 $5,412 $1,568 $6,980 $990
2007 $8,622 $1,030 $1,971 $3,223 $905 $4,128 $1,770 $5,898 $1,673 $7,571 $1,051
2008 $8,206 $826 $1,657 $2,868 $905 $3,773 $1,782 $5,555 $1,673 $7,228 $978
2009 $7,579 $602 $1,305 $2,439 $878 $3,317 $1,740 $5,058 $1,620 $6,678 $900
2010 $8,040 $743 $1,517 $2,716 $915 $3,631 $1,800 $5,431 $1,665 $7,096 $944
2011 $8,317 $737 $1,556 $2,819 $956 $3,775 $1,866 $5,641 $1,716 $7,357 $961
2012 $9,042 $1,017 $1,977 $3,331 $997 $4,328 $1,934 $6,262 $1,776 $8,038 $1,004

Tabel 4. Samlet indkomstskat efter kreditter, 1980-2012 ($milliarder)
år i alt Top 0,1% Top 1% Top 5% mellem 5% & 10% Top 10% mellem 10% & 25% Top 25% mellem 25% & 50% Top 50% bund 50%
kilde: Internal Revenue Service.
1980 $249 $47 $92 $31 $123 $59 $182 $50 $232 $18
1981 $282 $50 $99 $36 $135 $69 $204 $57 $261 $21
1982 $276 $53 $100 $34 $134 $66 $200 $56 $256 $20
1983 $272 $55 $101 $34 $135 $64 $199 $54 $252 $19
1984 $297 $63 $113 $37 $150 $68 $219 $57 $276 $22
1985 $322 $70 $125 $41 $166 $73 $238 $60 $299 $23
1986 $367 $94 $156 $44 $201 $78 $279 $64 $343 $24
Skattereformloven af 1986 ændrede definitionen af AGI, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
1987 $369 $92 $160 $46 $205 $79 $284 $63 $347 $22
1988 $413 $114 $188 $48 $236 $85 $321 $68 $389 $24
1989 $433 $109 $190 $51 $241 $93 $334 $73 $408 $25
1990 $447 $112 $195 $52 $248 $97 $344 $77 $421 $26
1991 $448 $111 $194 $56 $250 $96 $347 $77 $424 $25
1992 $476 $131 $218 $58 $276 $97 $374 $78 $452 $24
1993 $503 $146 $238 $60 $298 $101 $399 $80 $479 $24
1994 $535 $154 $254 $64 $318 $108 $425 $84 $509 $25
1995 $588 $178 $288 $70 $357 $115 $473 $88 $561 $27
1996 $658 $213 $335 $76 $411 $124 $535 $95 $630 $28
1997 $727 $241 $377 $82 $460 $134 $594 $102 $696 $31
1998 $788 $274 $425 $88 $513 $139 $652 $103 $755 $33
1999 $877 $317 $486 $97 $583 $150 $733 $109 $842 $35
2000 $981 $367 $554 $106 $660 $164 $824 $118 $942 $38
IRS ændret metode, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
2001 $885 $139 $294 $462 $101 $564 $158 $722 $120 $842 $43
2002 $794 $120 $263 $420 $93 $513 $143 $657 $104 $761 $33
2003 $746 $115 $251 $399 $85 $484 $133 $617 $98 $715 $30
2004 $829 $142 $301 $467 $91 $558 $137 $695 $102 $797 $32
2005 $932 $176 $361 $549 $98 $647 $145 $793 $106 $898 $33
2006 $1,020 $196 $402 $607 $108 $715 $157 $872 $113 $986 $35
2007 $1,112 $221 $443 $666 $117 $783 $170 $953 $122 $1,075 $37
2008 $1,029 $187 $386 $597 $115 $712 $168 $880 $117 $997 $32
2009 $863 $146 $314 $502 $101 $604 $146 $749 $93 $842 $21
2010 $949 $170 $355 $561 $110 $670 $156 $827 $100 $927 $22
2011 $1,043 $168 $366 $589 $123 $712 $181 $893 $120 $1,012 $30
2012 $1,185 $220 $451 $699 $133 $831 $193 $1,024 $128 $1,152 $33
tabel 5. Justerede Bruttoindkomstaktier, 1980-2012 (procent af den samlede AGI optjent af hver gruppe)
år i alt Top 0.1% Top 1% Top 5% Mellem 5% & 10% Top 10% Mellem 10% & 25% Top 25% Mellem 25% & 50% Top 50% Bund 50%
Kilde: Internal Revenue Service.
1980 100% 8.46% 21.01% 11.12% 32.13% 24.57% 56.70% 25.62% 82.32% 17.68%
1981 100% 8.30% 20.78% 11.20% 31.98% 24.69% 56.67% 25.59% 82.25% 17.75%
1982 100% 8.91% 21.23% 11.03% 32.26% 24.53% 56.79% 25.50% 82.29% 17.71%
1983 100% 9.29% 21.74% 11.04% 32.78% 24.44% 57.22% 25.30% 82.52% 17.48%
1984 100% 9.66% 22.19% 11.06% 33.25% 24.31% 57.56% 25.00% 82.56% 17.44%
1985 100% 10.03% 22.67% 11.10% 33.77% 24.21% 57.97% 24.77% 82.74% 17.26%
1986 100% 11.30% 24.11% 11.02% 35.12% 23.92% 59.04% 24.30% 83.34% 16.66%
Skattereformloven af 1986 ændrede definitionen af AGI, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
1987 100% 12.32% 25.67% 11.23% 36.90% 23.85% 60.75% 23.62% 84.37% 15.63%
1988 100% 15.16% 28.51% 10.94% 39.45% 22.99% 62.44% 22.63% 85.07% 14.93%
1989 100% 14.19% 27.84% 11.16% 39.00% 23.28% 62.28% 22.76% 85.04% 14.96%
1990 100% 14.00% 27.62% 11.15% 38.77% 23.36% 62.13% 22.84% 84.97% 15.03%
1991 100% 12.99% 26.83% 11.37% 38.20% 23.65% 61.85% 23.01% 84.87% 15.13%
1992 100% 14.23% 28.01% 11.21% 39.23% 23.25% 62.47% 22.61% 85.08% 14.92%
1993 100% 13.79% 27.76% 11.29% 39.05% 23.40% 62.45% 22.63% 85.08% 14.92%
1994 100% 13.80% 27.85% 11.34% 39.19% 23.45% 62.64% 22.48% 85.11% 14.89%
1995 100% 14.60% 28.81% 11.35% 40.16% 23.21% 63.37% 22.09% 85.46% 14.54%
1996 100% 16.04% 30.36% 11.23% 41.59% 22.73% 64.32% 21.60% 85.92% 14.08%
1997 100% 17.38% 31.79% 11.03% 42.83% 22.22% 65.05% 21.11% 86.16% 13.84%
1998 100% 18.47% 32.85% 10.92% 43.77% 21.87% 65.63% 20.69% 86.33% 13.67%
1999 100% 19.51% 34.04% 10.85% 44.89% 21.57% 66.46% 20.29% 86.75% 13.25%
2000 100% 20.81% 35.30% 10.71% 46.01% 21.15% 67.15% 19.86% 87.01% 12.99%
IRS ændret metode, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
2001 100% 8.05% 17.41% 31.61% 10.89% 42.50% 21.80% 64.31% 21.29% 85.60% 14.40%
2002 100% 7.04% 16.05% 30.29% 11.04% 41.33% 22.39% 63.71% 21.79% 85.50% 14.50%
2003 100% 7.56% 16.73% 30.99% 11.03% 42.01% 22.33% 64.34% 21.52% 85.87% 14.13%
2004 100% 9.14% 18.99% 33.31% 10.77% 44.07% 21.60% 65.68% 20.83% 86.51% 13.49%
2005 100% 10.64% 21.19% 35.61% 10.56% 46.17% 20.90% 67.07% 19.99% 87.06% 12.94%
2006 100% 11.23% 22.10% 36.62% 10.56% 47.17% 20.73% 67.91% 19.68% 87.58% 12.42%
2007 100% 11.95% 22.86% 37.39% 10.49% 47.88% 20.53% 68.41% 19.40% 87.81% 12.19%
2008 100% 10.06% 20.19% 34.95% 11.03% 45.98% 21.71% 67.69% 20.39% 88.08% 11.92%
2009 100% 7.94% 17.21% 32.18% 11.59% 43.77% 22.96% 66.74% 21.38% 88.12% 11.88%
2010 100% 9.24% 18.87% 33.78% 11.38% 45.17% 22.38% 67.55% 20.71% 88.26% 11.74%
2011 100% 8.86% 18.70% 33.89% 11.50% 45.39% 22.43% 67.82% 20.63% 88.45% 11.55%
2012 100% 11.25% 21.86% 36.84% 11.03% 47.87% 21.39% 69.25% 19.64% 88.90% 11.10%

Tabel 6. Samlede Indkomstskatteaktier, 1980-2012 (procent af føderal indkomstskat betalt af hver gruppe)
år i alt Top 0,1% Top 1% Top 5% mellem 5% & 10% Top 10% mellem 10% & 25% Top 25% mellem 25% & 50% Top 50% bund 50%
kilde: Internal Revenue Service.
1980 100% 19.05% 36.84% 12.44% 49.28% 23.74% 73.02% 19.93% 92.95% 7.05%
1981 100% 17.58% 35.06% 12.90% 47.96% 24.33% 72.29% 20.26% 92.55% 7.45%
1982 100% 19.03% 36.13% 12.45% 48.59% 23.91% 72.50% 20.15% 92.65% 7.35%
1983 100% 20.32% 37.26% 12.44% 49.71% 23.39% 73.10% 19.73% 92.83% 7.17%
1984 100% 21.12% 37.98% 12.58% 50.56% 22.92% 73.49% 19.16% 92.65% 7.35%
1985 100% 21.81% 38.78% 12.67% 51.46% 22.60% 74.06% 18.77% 92.83% 7.17%
1986 100% 25.75% 42.57% 12.12% 54.69% 21.33% 76.02% 17.52% 93.54% 6.46%
Skattereformloven af 1986 ændrede definitionen af AGI, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
1987 100% 24.81% 43.26% 12.35% 55.61% 21.31% 76.92% 17.02% 93.93% 6.07%
1988 100% 27.58% 45.62% 11.66% 57.28% 20.57% 77.84% 16.44% 94.28% 5.72%
1989 100% 25.24% 43.94% 11.85% 55.78% 21.44% 77.22% 16.94% 94.17% 5.83%
1990 100% 25.13% 43.64% 11.73% 55.36% 21.66% 77.02% 17.16% 94.19% 5.81%
1991 100% 24.82% 43.38% 12.45% 55.82% 21.46% 77.29% 17.23% 94.52% 5.48%
1992 100% 27.54% 45.88% 12.12% 58.01% 20.47% 78.48% 16.46% 94.94% 5.06%
1993 100% 29.01% 47.36% 11.88% 59.24% 20.03% 79.27% 15.92% 95.19% 4.81%
1994 100% 28.86% 47.52% 11.93% 59.45% 20.10% 79.55% 15.68% 95.23% 4.77%
1995 100% 30.26% 48.91% 11.84% 60.75% 19.62% 80.36% 15.03% 95.39% 4.61%
1996 100% 32.31% 50.97% 11.54% 62.51% 18.80% 81.32% 14.36% 95.68% 4.32%
1997 100% 33.17% 51.87% 11.33% 63.20% 18.47% 81.67% 14.05% 95.72% 4.28%
1998 100% 34.75% 53.84% 11.20% 65.04% 17.65% 82.69% 13.10% 95.79% 4.21%
1999 100% 36.18% 55.45% 11.00% 66.45% 17.09% 83.54% 12.46% 96.00% 4.00%
2000 100% 37.42% 56.47% 10.86% 67.33% 16.68% 84.01% 12.08% 96.09% 3.91%
IRS ændret metode, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
2001 100% 15.68% 33.22% 52.24% 11.44% 63.68% 17.88% 81.56% 13.54% 95.10% 4.90%
2002 100% 15.09% 33.09% 52.86% 11.77% 64.63% 18.04% 82.67% 13.12% 95.79% 4.21%
2003 100% 15.37% 33.69% 53.54% 11.35% 64.89% 17.87% 82.76% 13.17% 95.93% 4.07%
2004 100% 17.12% 36.28% 56.35% 10.96% 67.30% 16.52% 83.82% 12.31% 96.13% 3.87%
2005 100% 18.91% 38.78% 58.93% 10.52% 69.46% 15.61% 85.07% 11.35% 96.41% 3.59%
2006 100% 19.24% 39.36% 59.49% 10.59% 70.08% 15.41% 85.49% 11.10% 96.59% 3.41%
2007 100% 19.84% 39.81% 59.90% 10.51% 70.41% 15.30% 85.71% 10.93% 96.64% 3.36%
2008 100% 18.20% 37.51% 58.06% 11.14% 69.20% 16.37% 85.57% 11.33% 96.90% 3.10%
2009 100% 16.91% 36.34% 58.17% 11.72% 69.89% 16.85% 86.74% 10.80% 97.54% 2.46%
2010 100% 17.88% 37.38% 59.07% 11.55% 70.62% 16.49% 87.11% 10.53% 97.64% 2.36%
2011 100% 16.14% 35.06% 56.49% 11.77% 68.26% 17.36% 85.62% 11.50% 97.11% 2.89%
2012 100% 18.60% 38.09% 58.95% 11.22% 70.17% 16.25% 86.42% 10.80% 97.22% 2.78%

Tabel 7. Dollar Cut-Off, 1980-2012 (minimum AGI for selvangivelse at falde i forskellige percentiler; tærskler ikke justeret for inflation)
år Top 0,1% Top 1% Top 5% Top 10% Top 25% Top 50%
kilde: Internal Revenue Service.
1980 $80,580 $43,792 $35,070 $23,606 $12,936
1981 $85,428 $47,845 $38,283 $25,655 $14,000
1982 $89,388 $49,284 $39,676 $27,027 $14,539
1983 $93,512 $51,553 $41,222 $27,827 $15,044
1984 $100,889 $55,423 $43,956 $29,360 $15,998
1985 $108,134 $58,883 $46,322 $30,928 $16,688
1986 $118,818 $62,377 $48,656 $32,242 $17,302
Skattereformloven af 1986 ændrede definitionen af AGI, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
1987 $139,289 $68,414 $52,921 $33,983 $17,768
1988 $157,136 $72,735 $55,437 $35,398 $18,367
1989 $163,869 $76,933 $58,263 $36,839 $18,993
1990 $167,421 $79,064 $60,287 $38,080 $19,767
1991 $170,139 $81,720 $61,944 $38,929 $20,097
1992 $181,904 $85,103 $64,457 $40,378 $20,803
1993 $185,715 $87,386 $66,077 $41,210 $21,179
1994 $195,726 $91,226 $68,753 $42,742 $21,802
1995 $209,406 $96,221 $72,094 $44,207 $22,344
1996 $227,546 $101,141 $74,986 $45,757 $23,174
1997 $250,736 $108,048 $79,212 $48,173 $24,393
1998 $269,496 $114,729 $83,220 $50,607 $25,491
1999 $293,415 $120,846 $87,682 $52,965 $26,415
2000 $313,469 $128,336 $92,144 $55,225 $27,682
IRS ændret metode, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
2001 $1,393,718 $306,635 $132,082 $96,151 $59,026 $31,418
2002 $1,245,352 $296,194 $130,750 $95,699 $59,066 $31,299
2003 $1,317,088 $305,939 $133,741 $97,470 $59,896 $31,447
2004 $1,617,918 $339,993 $140,758 $101,838 $62,794 $32,622
2005 $1,938,175 $379,261 $149,216 $106,864 $64,821 $33,484
2006 $2,124,625 $402,603 $157,390 $112,016 $67,291 $34,417
2007 $2,251,017 $426,439 $164,883 $116,396 $69,559 $35,541
2008 $1,867,652 $392,513 $163,512 $116,813 $69,813 $35,340
2009 $1,469,393 $351,968 $157,342 $114,181 $68,216 $34,156
2010 $1,634,386 $369,691 $161,579 $116,623 $69,126 $34,338
2011 $1,717,675 $388,905 $167,728 $120,136 $70,492 $34,823
2012 $2,161,175 $434,682 $175,817 $125,195 $73,354 $36,055
tabel 8. Gennemsnitlig skatteprocent, 1980-2012 (procent af AGI betalt i indkomstskat)
år i alt Top 0,1% Top 1% Top 5% mellem 5% & 10% Top 10% mellem 10% & 25% Top 25% mellem 25% & 50% Top 50% bund 50%
kilde: Internal Revenue Service.
1980 15.31% 34.47% 26.85% 17.13% 23.49% 14.80% 19.72% 11.91% 17.29% 6.10%
1981 15.76% 33.37% 26.59% 18.16% 23.64% 15.53% 20.11% 12.48% 17.73% 6.62%
1982 14.72% 31.43% 25.05% 16.61% 22.17% 14.35% 18.79% 11.63% 16.57% 6.10%
1983 13.79% 30.18% 23.64% 15.54% 20.91% 13.20% 17.62% 10.76% 15.52% 5.66%
1984 13.68% 29.92% 23.42% 15.57% 20.81% 12.90% 17.47% 10.48% 15.35% 5.77%
1985 13.73% 29.86% 23.50% 15.69% 20.93% 12.83% 17.55% 10.41% 15.41% 5.70%
1986 14.54% 33.13% 25.68% 15.99% 22.64% 12.97% 18.72% 10.48% 16.32% 5.63%
Skattereformloven af 1986 ændrede definitionen af AGI, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
1987 13.12% 26.41% 22.10% 14.43% 19.77% 11.71% 16.61% 9.45% 14.60% 5.09%
1988 13.21% 24.04% 21.14% 14.07% 19.18% 11.82% 16.47% 9.60% 14.64% 5.06%
1989 13.12% 23.34% 20.71% 13.93% 18.77% 12.08% 16.27% 9.77% 14.53% 5.11%
1990 12.95% 23.25% 20.46% 13.63% 18.50% 12.01% 16.06% 9.73% 14.36% 5.01%
1991 12.75% 24.37% 20.62% 13.96% 18.63% 11.57% 15.93% 9.55% 14.20% 4.62%
1992 12.94% 25.05% 21.19% 13.99% 19.13% 11.39% 16.25% 9.42% 14.44% 4.39%
1993 13.32% 28.01% 22.71% 14.01% 20.20% 11.40% 16.90% 9.37% 14.90% 4.29%
1994 13.50% 28.23% 23.04% 14.20% 20.48% 11.57% 17.15% 9.42% 15.11% 4.32%
1995 13.86% 28.73% 23.53% 14.46% 20.97% 11.71% 17.58% 9.43% 15.47% 4.39%
1996 14.34% 28.87% 24.07% 14.74% 21.55% 11.86% 18.12% 9.53% 15.96% 4.40%
1997 14.48% 27.64% 23.62% 14.87% 21.36% 12.04% 18.18% 9.63% 16.09% 4.48%
1998 14.42% 27.12% 23.63% 14.79% 21.42% 11.63% 18.16% 9.12% 16.00% 4.44%
1999 14.85% 27.53% 24.18% 15.06% 21.98% 11.76% 18.66% 9.12% 16.43% 4.48%
2000 15.26% 27.45% 24.42% 15.48% 22.34% 12.04% 19.09% 9.28% 16.86% 4.60%
IRS ændret metode, så data over og under denne linje ikke strengt sammenlignelige
2001 14.47% 28.17% 27.60% 23.91% 15.20% 21.68% 11.87% 18.35% 9.20% 16.08% 4.92%
2002 13.28% 28.48% 27.37% 23.17% 14.15% 20.76% 10.70% 17.23% 8.00% 14.87% 3.86%
2003 12.11% 24.60% 24.38% 20.92% 12.46% 18.70% 9.69% 15.57% 7.41% 13.53% 3.49%
2004 12.31% 23.06% 23.52% 20.83% 12.53% 18.80% 9.41% 15.71% 7.27% 13.68% 3.53%
2005 12.65% 22.48% 23.15% 20.93% 12.61% 19.03% 9.45% 16.04% 7.18% 14.01% 3.51%
2006 12.80% 21.94% 22.80% 20.80% 12.84% 19.02% 9.52% 16.12% 7.22% 14.12% 3.51%
2007 12.90% 21.42% 22.46% 20.66% 12.92% 18.96% 9.61% 16.16% 7.27% 14.19% 3.56%
2008 12.54% 22.67% 23.29% 20.83% 12.66% 18.87% 9.45% 15.85% 6.97% 13.79% 3.26%
2009 11.39% 24.28% 24.05% 20.59% 11.53% 18.19% 8.36% 14.81% 5.76% 12.61% 2.35%
2010 11.81% 22.84% 23.39% 20.64% 11.98% 18.46% 8.70% 15.22% 6.01% 13.06% 2.37%
2011 12.54% 22.82% 23.50% 20.89% 12.83% 18.85% 9.70% 15.82% 6.98% 13.76% 3.13%
2012 13.11% 21.67% 22.83% 20.97% 13.33% 19.21% 9.96% 16.35% 7.21% 14.33% 3.28%

(1) For data før 2001 er alle selvangivelser, der har en positiv AGI, inkluderet, også dem, der ikke har en positiv indkomstskattepligt. For data fra 2001 og frem er afkast med negativ AGI også inkluderet, men afhængige afkast er ekskluderet.

(2) indkomstskat efter kreditter (skatteforanstaltningen ovenfor) tegner sig ikke for den refunderbare del af EITC. Hvis det var inkluderet (som det ofte er tilfældet med andre organisationer), ville skatteandelen for de øverste indkomstgrupper være højere. Den refunderbare del er lovligt klassificeret som et udgiftsprogram af Office of Management and Budget og er derfor ikke inkluderet af IRS i disse tal.

(3) den eneste skat, der analyseres her, er den føderale individuelle indkomstskat, der er ansvarlig for omkring 25 procent af landets betalte skatter (på alle regeringsniveauer). Føderale indkomstskatter er meget mere progressive end lønskatter, som er ansvarlige for omkring 20 procent af alle betalte skatter (på alle regeringsniveauer) og er mere progressive end de fleste statslige og lokale skatter (afhængigt af den økonomiske antagelse om ejendomsskatter og selskabsskatter).

(4) AGI er et ret snævert indkomstbegreb og inkluderer ikke indkomstposter som offentlige overførsler (bortset fra den del af sociale sikringsydelser, der beskattes), værdien af arbejdsgiverforsikret sundhedsforsikring, underrapporteret eller urapporteret indkomst (især eneejers indkomst), indkomst afledt af kommunale obligationsrenter, netto beregnet lejeindkomst, arbejdstagerens kompensationsydelser og andre.

(5) selvangivelse er analyseenheden, som er bredere end husholdningerne, især for dem i den nederste ende, hvoraf mange er afhængige afkast (før 2001). Nogle afhængige afkast er inkluderet i tallene her før 2001, og under andre analyseenheder (som Finansministeriets Familieøkonomiske enhed) vil sandsynligvis blive parret med deres forældres afkast.

(6) disse tal repræsenterer den juridiske forekomst af indkomstskatten, selvom de fleste fordelingstabeller (såsom dem fra CBO, skattepolitisk Center, borgere for Skatteretfærdighed, Finansministeriet og JCT) antager, at hele den økonomiske forekomst af personlig indkomstskat falder på indkomstindkomsten.

Internal Revenue Service, SOI skat statistik-individuelle indkomstskattesatser og skat aktier, http://www.irs.gov/uac/SOI-Tax-Stats-Individual-Income-Tax-Rates-and-Tax-Shares.

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